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A January 20, 2005 article in the scholarly, peer-reviewed scientific journal Thermochimica Acta (Volume 425, pages 189-194, by Raymond N. Rogers, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of California) makes it perfectly clear: the carbon 14 dating sample cut from the Shroud in 1988 was not valid. In fact, the Shroud is much older than the … Continue reading
What is wrong with the Shadow Shroud Hypothesis? Glass! Chemistry! Everything! Nathan Wilson’s use of the Father Brown detective metaphor in his article that appeared in Christianity Today was a brilliant literary device. But Wilson missed an important admonition found in all Father Brown novels: don’t jump to a conclusion before all the facts are … Continue reading
In the 6th century, in the Visigothic Kingdom of Spain, there was a formula for worship known as the Mozarabic Rite. This rite is sometimes called the Toledan Rite for the city, Toledo, where it is still used in a modified form. It is also sometimes called the Isidorian Rite because some scholars think it … Continue reading
Raymond N. Rogers FAQ © 2004 All Rights Reserved Material Reprinted by Permission Ray Rogers was a Fellow of the University of California, Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) and a charter member of the Coalition for Excellence in Science Education. He has published many scientific papers in peer-reviewed journals. In 1978, together with several other … Continue reading
The primary goal of STURP was to test the hypothesis that the Shroud’s image was painted, as claimed by Bishop d’Arcis in 1389. If it had been painted, some colored material had to be added to the cloth, but the colored material would have gone through the fire of 1532. The pigments and vehicles would … Continue reading
Alan Adler was an expert on porphyrins, the types of colored compounds seen in blood, chlorophyll, and many other natural products. He and Dr. John Heller, MD, studied the blood flecks on the STURP sampling tapes [Heller and Adler, Applied Optics 19, (16) 1980]. They converted the heme into its parent porphyrin, and they interpreted … Continue reading
The primary effect of all kinds of radiation is to heat the material it hits. This statement includes electromagnetic radiation (visible, ultraviolet, and infrared radiation); ionizing particles such as protons, electrons, and alpha particles; and non-ionizing particles such as neutrons. You can feel the heat when you hold a lump of plutonium, a flask of … Continue reading
As discussed in (3. Why radiation did not cause images), the crystallinity of the flax fibers in all of the parts of the Shroud that were not scorched has not been significantly degraded. The Arrhenius Law describes the effect of temperature on rate constants for all consistent chemical reactions, as follows: k = Ze-E/RT … Continue reading
The 1988 radiocarbon age determinations were carefully done. The sample preparation methods, the measurement technologies and procedures, and the data reduction were adequately planned and executed to answer the most important question: was the Shroud produced in the First Century? Damon, et al., reported that "The age of the shroud is obtained as AD 1260-1390, … Continue reading
Based on the facts of chemistry and current storage conditions, the Shroud of Turin is not now and has never been in imminent danger of catastrophic autocatalytic decomposition. The "restoration" of 2002 was based on an erroneous understanding of chemistry. Autocatalytic chemical reactions are those in which the rate increases as the amounts of reactants … Continue reading
Shroud of Turin Story 